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The Myth of the Twentieth Century
''The Myth of the Twentieth Century'' ((ドイツ語:Der Mythus des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts)) is a book by Alfred Rosenberg, one of the principal ideologues of the Nazi Party and editor of the Nazi paper ''Völkischer Beobachter''. The titular "myth" (in the special Sorelian sense) is "the myth of blood, which under the sign of the swastika unchains the racial world-revolution. It is the awakening of the race soul, which after long sleep victoriously ends the race chaos."〔Quoted in Viereck, 2003, p. 229.〕
The book has been described as "one of the two great unread bestsellers of the Third Reich" (the other being ''Mein Kampf'').〔Robert E. Conot, Justice at Nuremberg, New York: Harper and Row, 1983, p. 216.〕 In private Adolf Hitler said: "I must insist that Rosenberg's ''The Myth of the Twentieth Century'' is not to be regarded as an expression of the official doctrine of the party."〔Hitler, Adolf; Hugh-Trevor Roper. ''Adolf Hitler's Secret Conversations 1941-1944'', p. 400.〕 Hitler objected to Rosenberg's paganism.〔Roger Griffin. Fascism, Totalitarianism and Political Religion. Oxon, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2005. p. 85.〕
==Rosenberg's influences==
Rosenberg was inspired by the racist theories of Arthur de Gobineau, in his 1853–1855 book ''An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races''〔Snyder, Louis L. (1939). ("Gobinism: The 'Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races'," ) in ''Race: A History of Ethnic Theories.'' New York: Longmans, Green & Co., pp. 114-130.〕 and Houston Stewart Chamberlain. Rosenberg's ''The Myth of the Twentieth Century'' was conceived as a sequel to Chamberlain's 1899 book ''The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century''.〔Yahil, 1991, p. 41.〕 Rosenberg believed that God created mankind as separate, differentiated races in a cascading hierarchy of nobility of virtue, not as separate individuals or as entities with "blank slate" natures. Rosenberg harshly rejected the idea of a "globular" mankind of homogeneity of nature as counter-factual, and asserted each biological race possesses a discrete, unique soul, claiming the Caucasoid Aryan race, with Germanic Nordics supposedly composing its vanguard elite, as qualitatively superior, in a vaguely "ontological" way, in comparison to all other ethnic and racial groupings: the Germanic Nordic Aryan as Platonic ideal of humankind.
Other influences included the anti-modernist, "revolutionary" ideas of Friedrich Nietzsche, Richard Wagner's Holy Grail romanticism inspired by the neo-Buddhist thesis of Arthur Schopenhauer, Haeckelian mystical vitalism, the medieval German philosopher Meister Eckhart and the heirs of his mysticism and Nordicist Aryanism in general.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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